{"id":1766267188987,"date":"2025-12-05T07:52:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-05T13:52:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/artsincubator.ca\/borupscorners\/?p=1766267188987"},"modified":"2026-05-27T08:01:19","modified_gmt":"2026-05-27T13:01:19","slug":"nuclear-waste-management-the-40-generation-ai-paradox","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/artsincubator.ca\/borupscorners\/nuclear-waste-management-the-40-generation-ai-paradox\/","title":{"rendered":"Nuclear Waste and the 40-Generation AI Paradox"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Canada\u2019s Nuclear Waste Management Organization faces &#8217;40 AI generations&#8217; before repository construction, framing technology as both tool and threat<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>VIENNA<\/strong> \u2014 Canada\u2019s multi-decade timeline for storing used nuclear fuel faces a staggering technological mismatch, with roughly 40 generations of artificial intelligence expected to evolve before construction even begins on the nation&#8217;s highly-controversial Deep Geological Repository for Used Nuclear Fuel Project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Speaking at the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iaea.org\/events\/ai-symposium-2025\/programme\">International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Nuclear Energy<\/a> in Vienna, Christina Van Drunen, senior director of operations at Canada&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/nwmo.ca\">Nuclear Waste Management Organization<\/a> (NWMO), outlined the severe time-scale discrepancies confronting deep-future infrastructure projects in an era of rapid digital evolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Van Drunen told international delegates that the nuclear sector must move past abstract hype to find practical applications for automation while strictly maintaining its foundational license to operate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;I think of this panel as taking the promise of AI that we discussed yesterday and now beginning to build the foundation,&#8221; Van Drunen said. &#8220;Taking a grounded view of how to make best use of AI while considering the safety, security, and safeguard objectives that are fundamental to our license to operate in a nuclear industry.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">While preceding conference sessions focused on uranium mining and front-end fuel production, Van Drunen framed the NWMO\u2019s mandate as the critical, definitive endpoint of the zero-emissions energy sector.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;So where yesterday Cameco talked about the beginning of the nuclear life cycle, what we are looking at is the conclusion, the resolution,&#8221; Van Drunen said. &#8220;So, NWMO is tasked with implementing Canada&#8217;s plan for the long-term management of nuclear fuel. This is essential to responsibly manage the fuel from our existing reactor fleet and also to enable future expansion whether we&#8217;re talking large or small modular reactors.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Canada\u2019s long-term disposal plans rely on a dual strategy designed to withstand structural and political shifts over decades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;Canada&#8217;s plan is called <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nwmo.ca\/canadas-plan\">Adaptive Phased Management<\/a> and it includes both a technical method, the what as well as management approach, which is really the how,&#8221; Van Drunen explained. &#8220;So the end point of the technical method is a centralized containment and isolation of Canada&#8217;s used nuclear fuel in a deep geological repository with suitable geology and informed and willing host communities.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">She noted that the strategy is not an outlier, stating &#8220;the plan is consistent with best practices for long-term waste management adopted by other countries with nuclear programs,&#8221; pointing specifically to Finland, France, Sweden, Switzerland, and the U.K.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, it is the second half of the strategy\u2014the management approach\u2014that must directly absorb the shock of accelerating computational technologies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;The management approach, the second part of NWMO&#8217;s plan includes phased and adaptive decision making supported by public engagement and continuous learning throughout the process,&#8221; Van Drunen said. &#8220;A fundamental tenet is incorporating new knowledge and adapting to new technology, which is of course where AI fits in.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The central challenge to this tenet is the friction between the slow-moving milestones of nuclear waste containment and the hyper-accelerated lifecycle of software development.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;But before I can describe NWMO&#8217;s approach to AI, we first need to understand time scales,&#8221; Van Drunen cautioned. &#8220;So last year, NWMO selected this site for our future DGR. We are currently entering regulatory decision making. We expect to be in construction or beginning construction in the mid 2030s and in operation in the early 2040s.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By the time heavy machinery begins excavating the Canadian repository site a decade from now, the digital landscape will be entirely unrecognizable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;By contrast, I understand that AI basically um changes substantially every 3 months,&#8221; Van Drunen said. &#8220;So to put it in perspective, that&#8217;s on the order of 40 AI generations before we are even going to start construction.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Given these immense time scales and the specialized nature of the organization, Van Drunen clarified that the NWMO will rely on outside vendors rather than attempting to act as a software developer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;The other thing that&#8217;s important to understand about NWMO is that we&#8217;re a small organization,&#8221; Van Drunen said. &#8220;We have about 270 people and we significantly leverage the skills and the abilities of our partners and our supply chain. So when we consider AI, a few things become clear for us. NWMO will not be developers of AI.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Instead of creating proprietary systems, the organization&#8217;s objective is to build an internal culture capable of safely adopting commercial software.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;But we need to be proficient and well-informed users of the technologies that are available at any given time to the extent it makes sense,&#8221; Van Drunen stated. &#8220;It&#8217;s clear from the discussions yesterday that really the sky is the limit when it comes to AI. However, the tools out of the box do not deliver value. To do this, our workforce and particularly our leadership must be AI literate.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to Van Drunen, cultivating high digital literacy is required because artificial intelligence presents a profound operational double-edged sword, serving simultaneously as a vital opportunity and a severe risk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;AI literacy will enable us to understand how AI can be used as an advantage for sure, but also frankly a threat,&#8221; Van Drunen warned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">She explained that building defensive tech literacy is vital to &#8220;prepare us for tomorrow when AI is increasingly used, frankly, by threat actors to target NWO systems and facilities.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Conversely, when managed properly, she noted the technology represents an unprecedented asset, &#8220;for when AI is a highly sophisticated, highly reliable tool for enabling NWMO operational excellence and sustainable nuclear operations.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To capitalize on the advantages while neutralizing the threats, the NWMO plans to align the technology with its existing organizational principles, focusing heavily on human oversight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;It will equip us to align AI use with NWMO&#8217;s strategic goals, what we need to achieve, but in a way that&#8217;s consistent with NWMO&#8217;s own values,&#8221; Van Drunen said. &#8220;We&#8217;ll be able to leverage AI to improve performance, efficiency, productivity just with all the ways that we discussed yesterday, but at the same time ensuring that humans are accountable for AI systems and accountable for the outcomes.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ultimately, Van Drunen concluded that navigating the future requires a delicate balance between modern technological experimentation and traditional nuclear safety practices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8220;We need to understand risks to establish responsible effective principles and guard rails for AI use particularly as is required to be able to achieve our safety, security and safeguards objectives,&#8221; Van Drunen said. &#8220;We need to equip them to be competent, ethical humans in the loop. And at the same time, we need to do this in a way navigating that leadership paradox of having responsible experimentation within a procedure-driven healthy nuclear safety and security culture.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Canada\u2019s deep geological repository faces a massive technological mismatch. Discover how the Nuclear Waste Management Organization (NWMO) plans to navigate the &#8220;40-generation AI paradox&#8221; before construction even begins.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1766267188988,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[551],"tags":[390,173,372,244],"class_list":["post-1766267188987","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-community-lens","tag-dgr","tag-melgund-township","tag-nuclear-waste-management","tag-sdg7"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Nuclear Waste and the 40-Generation AI Paradox - Art Borups Corners<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Canada\u2019s deep geological repository faces a massive technological mismatch. 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